Principle Microbiology

Like the all other form of life, bacteria also have some nutritional requirements.
They need energy source - It may be Chemical compound,
It may be Radient energy (Light).
They need carbon source - It may be Organic compound,
It may be Carbon dioxide.
They need nitrogen source - It may be Atmospheric nitrogen,
It may be Inorganic nitrogen compounds - NItrates, Nitrites, ammonium salts,
It may be Organic nitrogen compounds - Amino acids.
They need electorn donor - It may be inorganic compound,
It may be organic compound.
They need Oxygen source - Water, Various nutrients or molecular oxygen.
They need phosphorus source - Phosphate, Nucleotides, Nucleic acids, Phospholipids, Teichoic acids and other compounds.
They need sulfur source - Inorganic/organic sulfur compounds or even elemental sulfur.
They also require metal ions for their normal growth and metabolism, Vitamins which may act as coenzymes for various enzymes.
And they also require WATER for the growth.
There are some physical requirements for microorganisms. Like temperature, pH, Gaseous requirements, ect.